Sunday, September 7, 2025

Siddis of India: A Cultural Evening at NGMA Bangalore


Panel Discussion at NGMA-B

When I got the invite from NGMA-B (National Gallery of Modern Art – Bangalore) for a cultural program related to Siddis, the first thing that came to my mind was whether it was on a weekday or a weekend. Many of their earlier programs had fallen on weekdays, and I was not able to attend. Fortunately, this one was on a Saturday. I made a note in my mind and closed the email invite.

Siddis are an ethnic community of African origin. They are descendants of Bantu people from East Africa, who were brought to India as slaves, soldiers, and mercenaries for the Deccan Sultanates, and as seafarers who later became settlers. Perhaps the most famous Siddi in India is Malik Ambar.

I first came across the word Siddi when I read about Malik Ambar long back. Born in 1548 in Ethiopia, Malik Ambar came to India as a slave and became a soldier in the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. He quickly rose through the ranks and became regent (administrator) of Sultanate. He is remembered for successfully resisting the expansion of Mughal Empire into the Deccan during the reign of Jehangir. Malik Ambar founded a city called Kadki, which his son Fateh Khan renamed Fatehnagar. Later, when Aurangzeb conquered the area, he renamed it Aurangabad. Since the recent governments are on a renaming spree, I checked whether there was any plan to rename Aurangabad. Looks like government already did it in 2023; new name of the city is - Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar. The city Malik Amber founded is the largest city in Marathwada region of Maharashtra.

Siddi's Dance at NGMA-B

Again, I came across Siddis again while reading about famous Murud-Janjira Fort (off the coast of Raigad district in Maharashtra). This was one of the most powerful forts in India. Siddis rebuilt the original wooden fort built by fishermen here using stone in early 1100s. They Siddis controlled it for next eight and a half centuries, withstanding repeated attacks by powerful Marathas. They retained control until India’s independence.

So, it was very exciting to attend NGMA-B program about Siddis. Unfortunately, due to notorious Bangalore traffic, we missed the first session on a film about them. Instead, we started with snacks they had prepared. Among them was a special pakoda made using a small leaf and a couple of other items. I asked about the leaf, and they told me the name, but I cannot recall it while writing this article. Online searches bring up many images and names of different leaves, but not this exact one.

After snacks came a panel discussion, where two leaders from the Siddi community, along with others involved in the Damami initiative, shared their thoughts. Damami is a women-led homestay project in Lingadabailu village, Yellapur taluka (Uttara Kannada, Karnataka), located in Western Ghats. The word Damami comes from a traditional Siddi musical instrument of same name.

The Siddis today are mostly located along the coastal areas of Western Gujarat, Karnataka (Uttara Kannada, Dharwad, and Belagavi districts), Goa, and the Konkan coast of Maharashtra. They also have a small presence in Hyderabad as well. Siddhi's religious affiliations are mixed – depending on the region, they follow Hinduism, Islam, or Christianity. In Gujarat, Karnataka, and Goa, they are recognized as Scheduled Tribes. In Karnataka, they are additionally classified as a PVTG (Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group).

Contrary to their powerful past with Murud-Janjira, Siddis today face significant challenges. Living in rural and forested areas, they struggle with poverty, economic hardships, and social marginalization. Their population size is also declining. Even though the panel discussion was short, the passionate answers and statements by Mohan Ganapati Siddi highlighted the multiple issues faced by the community.

The program concluded with vibrant dance performances by the Siddi community. As I left the auditorium, I thought about staying in one of the homestays operated by the Siddis under the guidance of  Sanjeevani Rural Livelihood Mission. It would be an opportunity to experience life up close with an ethnic group of African origin, to see how they have assimilated into Indian culture, and to witness the traditions – dance, music, and instruments – that they still carry in their hearts from the other side of the Arabian Sea.

Sajeev

You can see recording of full program by NGMA-B here -> 'DAMMAI- Dreams, Drums & Roots | NGMA-B'


Wednesday, September 3, 2025

On reading


Four years ago, I took up Goodread's annual reading challenge and set a target of 36 books. I was quite confident that I would finish much more than 36 (three books per month). By the way, that confidence wasn’t backed by any past history (just my overconfidence). Twelve months came and went, but I completed only 5-6 books. Next year, I kept the same target; only to fail once more. Next year, target was reduced to 12 - and still fell short. Finally, this year, I decided not to set any target at all!!!

I’m not a voracious reader, but I do enjoy reading. If it’s a thrilling novel, an interesting work of fiction, or even biographies (that doesn’t try too hard to showcase the author’s command over language), I can finish it quickly. But when it comes to business, non-fiction, or self-improvement books - often written in dense, heavy language - turning the pages becomes a struggle. More often end up leaving those books half way and end up just another entry in my book shelf.

With the explosion of content in YouTube, Instagram, TikTok and other numerous apps; people’s attention spans reduced considerably. Reading books, however, is not about quick consumption — it requires committed, focused, quality time. The real question is, are we still willing to invest that time and find joy in it or just run after another two minute video?

At office, we have a book club. Out of nearly 900 employees, only about 25-30 show up for monthly meetings. Organizers tried different strategies to increase participation, but without any success. This may not be the case everywhere, but I seriously doubt if many book clubs see their membership grow significantly over time.

Amazon, which started as a platform to sell books, still sells plenty of them, as do many other companies. Yet, with the rise of social media, infinite scrolling, and an ever-growing number of online creators, more people are hooked to the instant gratification of videos rather than the slow, deep world of books.

I must admit, I too consume a lot of online videos on politics, travel, technology, interviews, movies, long and short clips of different kinds. But after moving to new home recently, I thought of subscribing to a few print magazines. Electronic formats save paper and environmentally friendly; but reading a magazine end to end on web is not same as reading a printed copy. Sites  like Audiable are great too, but I often find myself forgetting the beginning by the time I reach the end. This may not be the case for everyone, but it is for me.

So, I finally subscribed to Mathrubhumi daily newspaper and its weekly magazine; also India Today, Caravan, and a couple of others. Last week, Mathrubhumi Weekly arrived with its Onam supplement, and I’ve been reading both in my free time. To my own surprise, my screen time has dropped significantly, and I now find myself turning more pages under the balcony light at midnight than staring at a mobile screen.

I don’t know if this phase will pass and I’ll drift back to binge-watching Netflix, Jio Hotstar or Amazon Prime. But for now, I’m trying to be more selective about online content and hoping to increase (or at least maintain) my current level of reading printed books and magazines.

Sajeev

Friday, August 22, 2025

Railway retiring rooms - Needs better care

Indian Railways, under the Ministry of Railways, is a mammoth institution with more than 1.2 million employees. It operates over 13,000 trains, connects 7,000+ stations, and carries more than 6.9 billion passengers annually. On the freight side, nearly 12,000 trains run daily. Beyond transport, Railways manage schools, hospitals, factories, internet services, hotels, catering, metro operations, real estate, research institutes, training academies, housing colonies, and even sports facilities.

One such lesser-known service is Railway Retiring Rooms. These can be booked using a valid ticket PNR at either the source or destination station. Bookings are available in flexible slots of 4, 8, 12, or 24 hours (up to 48 hours at a stretch), making them a practical alternative to hotels with rigid check-in/out rules. They’re economical, safe, and highly convenient for passengers in transit.

On a recent trip to Uttar Pradesh, I booked two retiring rooms at Prayagraj Junction for 36 hours. The booking process was straightforward online, but at the station, the counter staff couldn’t validate it with just the PNR. Thankfully, I had the RR number from the SMS confirmation, which helped. The staff wrote the booking details on paper for the caretaker, and we finally got access to our rooms.

The rooms were well equipped – refrigerator, fan, AC, almirah, writing table, cushioned chairs, coat stand, and bed. However, the real problem lies in cleanliness and maintenance.
  • Bathroom design flaws: Water doesn't quickly flow toward drain; spilling into the room if not checked.
  • Poor upkeep: Tiled floors and walls were discolored, showing absence of periodic maintenance.
  • Bedsheets and mattresses: The provided sheets were faded, stained, and clearly beyond their usable life. Only after insisting did the caretaker replace them, but even the new set was worn out.
Clean bathrooms and hygienic bedding are basic expectations, especially in facilities meant for passengers arriving after long train journeys.
 
Broader Cleanliness Issues in Railways

The cleanliness issue is not limited to retiring rooms. Trains themselves often suffer from poor maintenance. On one Delhi–Amritsar trip, I encountered a bogie with a floor littered with food waste and four toilets in such a state that three were unusable. Overflowing, unhygienic toilets are not just unpleasant – they can lead to health issues, particularly for women who risk urinary tract infections.

Here the problem is not just with railways, but with passengers as well. Very often, passengers leave train toilets messy, spill food on floors, or misuse the facilities without a second thought. If users respected these spaces the way they would in their own homes, then the experience for everyone would improve drastically. 

Why Retiring Rooms Matters

Despite the shortcomings, retiring rooms remain a cost-effective, safe, and practical option, especially:
  • For travelers arriving at odd hours.
  • For short stays without the hassle of hotel check-in timings.
  • For passengers wanting to explore the city with bookings up to 72 hours (48 hours each with incoming and outgoing PNRs).
During my stay, I met a traveler who didn’t speak Hindi and was struggling because the lockers in the rooms had no locks. The caretaker brushed him off, saying - Railways doesn’t provide locks.” Luckily, I had a spare lock to lend him. It makes one wonder – if lockers are provided, why not add a basic lock and key system, charging passengers if misplaced? Such small improvements could go a long way.
 
Final Thoughts
 
In the hospitality business, cleanliness is non-negotiable. All the amenities in the world cannot compensate for unhygienic toilets or stained bedsheets. The good news is that these are not expensive fixes – they simply require consistency and cultural change, both from passengers and the Railways.
Retiring rooms have the potential to be a blessing for travelers if maintained well. They’re safe, affordable, and convenient – all they need is better care.

Sajeev

Note: 
Not all stations have retiring rooms. Please check availability before planning your journey.

PS: During my stay, I also came across another issue: the lockers in dormitory did not have locks. A fellow traveler, who didn’t speak Hindi, was trying to explain this to the caretaker, but was brushed off with the reply - Railways doesn’t provide locks. This is a serious oversight. If lockers are installed, they should come with basic locks and keys. Misplaced locks could easily be charged to passengers at checkout. It’s a small step, but one that can greatly improve both security and peace of mind for travelers. I always keep two small locks and keys while travelling in railways (very useful if you use clock room facility). I gave my spare lock to him, which he returned the next morning.

Tuesday, June 3, 2025

Hyderabad Diaries: Exploring the City of Pearls - Day 3 (Ramoji film city)


'Udayananu Tharam' is a famous Malayalam movie (released in 2005) that talks about—and mocks—what happens behind the scenes in the film industry. Around that time, one interesting detail also came out: the entire movie was made in Ramoji Film City. People no longer need to search for natural or suitable locations for a movie. One can do everything within the comfort of a film city.

Built by Ramoji Rao, this film city spans over 2,000 acres and is probably the largest integrated film city in the world. More than 2,500 films have been shot here. Some of the famous ones include Bahubali (both 2015 and 2017), Chandramukhi, Enthiran(Robot), Krrish 3 (2013), Kick (2014) etc. The place has sets for airports, railway stations, hospitals, foreign cities, palaces, villages, jails, streets, houses, and more. The film city also welcomes tourists and showcases various aspects of movie-making. In case you want to stay inside the complex, there are multiple hotels like Sitara, Tara, etc. If you're looking for a destination wedding venue or want to host corporate events, Ramoji is a good choice.

The film city is located far from the main city. From our location at Lakdikapul, it’s more than 35 km away. Fortunately, it's close to the Outer Ring Road, which offers easy connectivity back to the Bangalore highway. Since coming back to city areas would cost a lot of time, we planned the Film City visit for the last day and headed straight to Bangalore from there. We had an early breakfast, checked out from the hotel, and jumped into the car to reach the city. Since it was Monday morning, there was a lot of traffic on the way. Eventually, we got onto NH-65 (Pune–Machilipatnam), but that didn’t ease the traffic. After a while, we crossed the ORR junction on NH-65. From there, the film city is quite close. There’s ample parking space at Ramoji. Since we didn’t know when we’d get another break, feeding Niha became a priority.

There was one issue at the booking counter. Ramoji doesn’t permit cameras with lenses over 55mm. I didn’t have an 18–55mm lens suitable for my camera, so I had to go back and leave the camera in the car. Everything is well organized here—after booking, we could directly join the queue to board a bus to the main film city. The bus was nicely decorated and dropped us at first stop after a while. 

Ramoji Film City

It's good to allocate two days to view film city. However if you have only one day, then you need to pick and choose what you want to see and to skip. As one Quora post suggested, it's better to try filmy dunia, space ride, moving making, wild west etc. at the beginning and then go for studio tour. This again depends on people to people - what I liked might be different from what you like; so make a plan which choose your interests. 

I recall reading that there's an opening ceremony worth watching at film city. Unfortunately, by the time we reached inside, it was a bit late, and the ceremony had likely ended. We took a look around and waited at the first drop point. Buses for the Studio Tour came and went quickly, clearing the queue in front of us. Eventually, we got onto one and officially began our Ramoji Film City tour. Since I'm writing this article months after the actual trip, I've forgotten the exact sequence of events, so the order described below may not be entirely accurate. After boarding the bus, the guide began introducing Ramoji Film City and its history. As we moved along, she pointed out various landmarks and mentioned names of movies/scenes were shot in each location.

Many houses we saw were just facades — only the fronts were built. But on movies, they look like complete houses or streets. After viewing several such sets, the bus dropped us off at the Bhagavatham set. Here, you can walk through Pandavas' Indraprastha and, in the next room, the Kauravas' Hastinapur. If I recall correctly, there were a few more sets, all separated by single walls. A short walk ahead took us to a railway station set with couple of bogies of a train (not real railway bogies, but something they made there). It felt like, within just 1–2 square kilometers, you could shoot an entire movie. After exiting the railway station, we arrived at the next bus stop, where another bus would take us to the next location.

The tour ticket also includes access to three complimentary adventure activities. One of the buses stopped at the adventure zone. From there, a different bus takes you further to the actual spot, which is a bit farther away. Unfortunately, I was seated at the back of the bus and couldn't hear what the driver announced. A few people in front got off, but the rest of us remained. I realized it was the stop for the adventure section only after the bus started moving again. In hindsight, it was probably for the best—we had Divya with little Niha and my mother, who is in her early seventies. They likely wouldn’t have participated, and getting off would have cost us valuable time and other experiences.

We moved on, and the next stop was likely the Bahubali set. On the way, we passed an area where filming was in progress. One tourist tried to take pictures, but our guide quickly asked him not to, as it's against policy. The bus dropped us in front of Mahishmati's gates, and we entered inside the legendary fort. This is a famous location, and many visitors were busy clicking photos. However, it looked a bit neglected—the paint was peeling, and there were cracks in many places. Perhaps the idea is to keep it open to tourists until it can no longer be maintained, and then it will be replaced with a new set. Although it appeared beautiful in the movie, I didn’t find the set particularly impressive and moved quickly toward the exit. By the way, there were couple of restorants nearby which sold Devasena dosas and Bahubali biriyanis!!!

There was a souvenir shop just before the exit, where we picked up couple of items. For those concerned about food and water, Ramoji Film City is well-equipped. Near the Bhagavatham set and again at the Mahishmati set, there were food stalls and full-fledged restaurants.

From there, another bus took us to the European Street set. The buildings resembled the front facades of European towns, much like in movies. We walked through the area and reached (if I remember correctly) hospital and airport sets. Many buildings serve multiple purposes — for example, one side might be the hero’s house, another the villain’s, and yet another side might represent a courthouse. So, one building could function as four different sets. We explored the airport area for a while before heading to the gardens.

When the bus stopped, we got off at what seemed to be one of the highest points in the park, offering good view of the surroundings. Note that, not all part of film city is open to visitors; some areas are reserved for filming or closed during active shoots. We walked downhill toward the first garden, stopping for some time at a restorant on right side. Food took some time to arrive which also helped us to rest for some time. 

Further down were more gardens. My favorite among them was the Japanese Garden — it was beautifully designed with traditional Japanese architecture and flowing water channels. We walked around there for a while, even walking a little through the water. I would have liked to spend more time, but it was already afternoon. We quickly moved towards bus stop and boarded one for next location — I can't recall exactly where it dropped us, but it featured several more gardens, including a small bonsai garden.

Next, we visited the movie making attraction, where they demonstrated how movies are made. Presenters also picked up three ladies from audience and made small video as well. This was followed by space ride. Both experiences were excellent, and I highly recommend them. After exiting from space ride somewhere down we saw the building where wild west show was going on. Unfortunately by the time we arrived, only five minutes remained, and it was the final show of the day. We missed it, but judging by the laughter and excitement of the audience, it seemed enjoyable.

Eventually, it was time to wrap up. Our memorable trip come to an end. Niha probably saw everything without understanding much; I'm sure when she grow older and looks at these photos, she might insists on seeing all one more time. By 5:30 PM, our return bus arrived to take us back to the parking area where we had left our car.

During the ride back, I went through everything we had seen. In a way, I gained better understanding of how sets are used in filmmaking; but it also removed a bit of magic. Won't I think about these sets and when I watch movies next time? Would it affect how genuine the scenes feel to me? I remembered an old roommate of mine - Rakesh - who was a huge Tony Jaa fan. He introduced me to movies like 'Ong-Bak' and 'Tom-Yum-Goong', famous for their flying knee strikes and stunt choreography. Rakesh admired Tony Jaa’s knee strikes and often explained his knee movements during action scenes. He also loved Jackie Chan, whose movies typically end with behind the scenes clips showing how the stunts were performed. Watching those behind the scenes clips made me appreciate the effort but felt like all these are not real. We all know that much of what we see is staged (many dangerous stunts are done by doubles) but still seeing how its done suddenly brought a kind of disappointment. From now on, I’ll probably watch movies with a different perspective.
Back to Bangalore

We left Film City by evening and soon got onto the ORR. It's a nice road to drive on—aside from some repair work happening here and there, there were no blocks on this fully elevated stretch. It took a while to reach the cloverleaf junction where the ORR intersects with NH44. The entire scenario changed once we entered NH44—lots of repairs, heavy traffic, and delays. It took some time to get through all the jams and finally reach lighter traffic. Unlike the stretch of NH44 from Bangalore to Salem and beyond, this segment is narrower and darker.

The long walks inside Film City had made everyone tired and eventually hungry. Finally, we found a place to have dinner, and surprisingly, the food was much better than I expected. Still, we had a long way to go to reach Bangalore. I almost stopped every half hour to have coffee. I think I’ve never had this much coffee and tea in a single day or night in my entire life. At some places, I even had two cups. It was also a bit cold outside. In some places, people were burning things to keep themselves warm. I stopped near one such spot where something was being burned. There was a tea stall nearby, and a lady was watching milk boil on the stove.

A large lorry had also stopped behind our car; compared to its size, our car looked like a child standing in front of an elephant. The truck driver got down and ordered coffee too. On the other side, the fire was still burning whatever people had thrown into it, spreading warmth. I walked back and forth, watching the flames, the truck parked just behind our car, the lorries passing by on the road, the moonlight, and the dark, tall trees lining the other side.

It took a while for the coffee to be ready. Meanwhile, I thought about all the pit stops I had made today. Some places were fully lit but mostly empty. Others had several trucks parked nearby with just a few people around. At some stops, I was the only customer the entire time. Finally, the coffee came—and it was indeed good.

I kept walking for a bit. The truck driver finally woke his trailer from a short sleep and got it moving again. Bangalore was still a distance away, but not too far. We started moving once more.

Sajeev

Sunday, June 1, 2025

Hyderabad Diaries: Exploring the City of Pearls - Day 2


Rashtrapati Nilayam


Booking was done in advance for Rashtrapati Nilayam. In case you want to book, use the official Rashtrapati Nilayam website. Once booked, you need to reach the location on time; they permit a delay of up to 40 minutes. Showing the ticket on mobile with a matching ID card is good enough for entry. To avoid getting late, we left early in the morning. On the way, there were numerous traffic signals, but they didn’t cost us much time as we were traveling in the morning. Surrounded by military facilities, the area is very quiet. There was ample parking space; we left the vehicle there and walked towards the entrance. There was some confusion about whether cameras were allowed inside. One person at the entrance said it was okay to carry a camera, while an older one standing next to him said no. Finally, they asked me to check with the officer in charge, who was in a building next to the parking area.

I went back and the officer in charge wasn’t came yet; rest of the staff were not very sure about rules regarding camera. Eventually, they mentioned a rule (something made up on the spot?!!) stating that to use a camera, permission must be obtained from Delhi at least one day in advance. As time was passing, I left the camera in the car and returned to the entry gate. It seems photography is permitted everywhere except inside the main building. However, I’m still not sure whether DSLRs are allowed or not.

This 16-room main building was constructed in 1860 by then Nizam Nazir-ud-Dowla. Later, it became the country house for British Residents at Secunderabad. After Hyderabad State joined the Indian Union (post Operation Polo) in 1948, this building became part of the President's retreat. The President of India stays here for at least two weeks during his/her winter visit and conducts official business from here.

Tunnel - Secret package

We kept on walking and entered the first building, which hosted a limousine (and many other things) used by presidents in the past. From there, we walked toward the main building. The President and his family stay here in the main building when they are in Hyderabad. Here, we got a guide, and he explained the use of each room. We stood at the door and viewed inside from there as entry to room was prohibited. Once we came outside, we went to the next building and explored the underground tunnel. This tunnel was originally used as a secret passage. In 2023, the government renovated the passage and painted Telangana's Cheriyal folk art along its entire length. Calm music accompained us throughout the passage. Mom and Divya walked quickly and reached ther other side; me and Niha spent considerable time exploring the art. 


The area around the building is still undergoing renovation. They are building new gardens and planting trees etc. The estate spreads over 90 acres and has six gardens as of now — Nakshatra Garden, Herbal Garden, Rock Garden, Maze Garden, Palmatum, and Fruit Orchards. In addition to that, there are three stepwells — Jai Hind Stepwell, Nakshatra Stepwell, and Chinna Baavi. Step wells are more than hundred years old and are currently undergoing renovation. In buildings adjacent to the stepwells, there were detailed descriptions and drawings on how these were used in the past.

It was indeed quite a long walk. At one end, we finally sat on metal benches placed in one of the gardens. Mom sat there and explained to Divya about some of the old systems used in the past. Niha was tired but became a little happy when we left her in the ground. I started exploring the map to see how to reach our next destination.

Chowmahalla Palace








It's quite far from Rashtrapati Nilayam; here, parking is a bit difficult. After waiting in the queue for some time, we finally got a place to park. Chowmahalla means four palaces and was the official residence of the Nizams of Hyderabad. Construction began in 1750s under Salabat Jung and was completed under Asaf Jah V. This palace complex contains grand halls, courtyards, etc. There was some kind of party inside the palace in the evening, so we quickly moved to the main building; it was quite beautiful and displays the luxury of the bygone era of the Nawabs.


To read details about the palace, please visit, 

Lumbini Park

By the time we left the palace, it was evening. Next was the light and sound show at Lumbini Park. This park is spread over three hectares and close to Hussain Sagar lake. We reached there on time, booked the tickets, and went for the show. I can't say I liked the show very much, but it was good. After the show, we spent some more time walking around the park and finally went to Paradise Biryani one more time.

Sajeev